McDonnell Douglas MD-11

The McDonnell Douglas MD-11 is an American long-range, wide-body trijet airliner, a stretched DC-10. It first flew on January 10, 1990, entering service on December 10, 1990, with Finnair. Produced in several variants, the initial MD-11, -C combi, -ER extended range, as well as -F freighter. Production of the MD-11 ended in 2000, with 200 airframes built. Withdrawn from passenger service by early 2004, freighter versions continued to operate.

Airframe construction is of metal, and some composites—a semi-monocoque fuselage with a glass cockpit, low mounted swept-back cantilever wings and winglets. The cantilevered tail unit is a conventional swept design with a single fin mounted on top of the central engine. The retractable undercarriage is a tricycle type with the primary units installed in the wings, folding inwards into the wing roots; the nose unit retracts forward. Flight crew consists of two pilots with a passenger cabin that seats up to 298 passengers in three classes.

Powered by three General Electric CF6, or Pratt & Whitney PW4000 high-bypass axial-flow turbofan engines, one pod mounted under each wing and the third atop the rear of the fuselage, under the vertical fin. Giving the MD-11 a cruise speed of 886 – 940 km/h (550 – 584 mph), a 13,100 m (43,000 ft) service ceiling and a range of 12,455 km (7,739 mi).